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  • Journal article
    Phan T, Frey HU, Frey S, Peticolas L, Fuselier S, Carlson C, R猫me H, Bosqued JM, Balogh A, Dunlop M, Kistler L, Mouikis C, Dandouras I, Sauvaud JA, Mende S, McFadden J, Parks G, Moebius E, Klecker B, Paschmann G, Fujimoto M, Petrinec S, Marcucci MF, Korth A, Lundin Ret al., 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Brindley HE, Harries JE, 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER, Vol: 78, Pages: 341-352, ISSN: 0022-4073
  • Journal article
    Shen C, Li X, Dunlop M, Liu ZX, Balogh A, Baker DN, Hapgood M, Wang Xet al., 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Matsui T, Cheung ASC, Leung KWS, Yoshino K, Parkinson WH, Thorne AP, Murray JE, Ito K, Imajo Tet al., 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY, Vol: 219, Pages: 45-57, ISSN: 0022-2852
  • Conference paper
    Pickett JS, Menietti JD, Gurnett DA, Tsurutani B, Kintner PM, Klatt E, Balogh Aet al., 2003,

    , 4th International Workshop on Nonlinear Waves and Chaos in Space Plasma, Publisher: EUROPEAN GEOPHYSICAL SOC, Pages: 3-11, ISSN: 1023-5809
  • Journal article
    Maksimovic M, Bale SD, Horbury TS, Andr茅 Met al., 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Zhang J, Woch J, Solanki SK, von Steiger R, Forsyth Ret al., 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Slavin JA, Lepping RP, Gjerloev J, Goldstein ML, Fairfield DH, Acuna MH, Balogh A, Dunlop M, Kivelson MG, Khurana K, Fazakerley A, Owen CJ, Reme H, Bosqued JMet al., 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Tjemkes SA, Patterson T, Rizzi R, Shephard MW, Clough SA, Matricardi M, Haigh JD, H枚pfner M, Payan S, Trotsenko A, Scott N, Rayer P, Taylor JP, Clerbaux C, Strow LL, DeSouza-Machado S, Tobin D, Knuteson Ret al., 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER, Vol: 77, Pages: 433-453, ISSN: 0022-4073
  • Journal article
    Mueller-Wodarg I, Bunce E, 2003,

    , ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS, Vol: 44, Pages: 33-33, ISSN: 1366-8781
  • Journal article
    Sergeev V, Runov A, Baumjohann W, Nakamura R, Zhang TL, Volwerk M, Balogh A, R猫me H, Sauvaud JA, Andr茅 M, Klecker Bet al., 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Volwerk M, Glassmeier KH, Runov A, Baumjohann W, Nakamura R, Zhang TL, Klecker B, Balogh A, R猫me Het al., 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Salem C, Hubert D, Lacombe C, Bale SD, Mangeney A, Larson DE, Lin RPet al., 2003,

    , ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 585, Pages: 1147-1157, ISSN: 0004-637X
  • Journal article
    Nilsson H, Pickering JC, 2003,

    , PHYSICA SCRIPTA, Vol: 67, Pages: 223-233, ISSN: 0031-8949
  • Journal article
    Rufus J, Stark G, Smith PL, Pickering JC, Thorne APet al., 2003,

    High-resolution photoabsorption cross section measurements of SO2, 2: 220 to 325 nm at 295 K

    , Journal of Geophysical 91桃色 Planets, Vol: 108, Pages: 1-5, ISSN: 0148-0227

    High-resolution, ultraviolet SO<inf>2</inf> photoabsorption cross section data are required for modeling density and temperature profiles of SO<inf>2</inf> in solar system atmospheres. We report measurements of such cross sections on SO<inf>2</inf> at 295 K for the B<sup>1</sup>B<inf>1</inf> - X<sup>1</sup>A<inf>1</inf> and C<sup>1</sup>B<inf>2</inf> - X<sup>1</sup>A<inf>1</inf> bands over the wavelength range 220 to 325 nm. Resolving powers of up to 550,000 were employed in order to study the congested spectrum of sharp SO<inf>2</inf> features in parts of this region. Our data are compared to earlier values obtained with lower resolving power.

  • Journal article
    Rufus J, Stark G, Smith PL, Pickering JC, Thorne APet al., 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9097
  • Journal article
    Behlke R, Andr茅 M, Buchert SC, Vaivads A, Eriksson AI, Lucek EA, Balogh Aet al., 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Espinosa SA, Southwood DJ, Dougherty MK, 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Espinosa SA, Southwood DJ, Dougherty MK, 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Zhong WY, Haigh JD, 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Gervet C, Wallace M, 2003,

    , ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH, Vol: 118, Pages: 13-15, ISSN: 0254-5330
  • Journal article
    Lundin R, Sauvaud JA, R猫me H, Balogh A, Dandouras I, Bosqued JM, Carlson C, Parks GK, M枚bius E, Kistler LM, Klecker B, Amata E, Formisano V, Dunlop M, Eliasson L, Korth A, Lavraud B, McCarthy Met al., 2003,

    , ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE, Vol: 21, Pages: 457-472, ISSN: 0992-7689
  • Journal article
    Taylor MGGT, Cargill PJ, 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS, Vol: 69, Pages: 89-89, ISSN: 0022-3778
  • Journal article
    Runov A, Nakamura R, Baumjohann W, Zhang TL, Volwerk M, Eichelberger HU, Balogh Aet al., 2003,

    , GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 30, ISSN: 0094-8276
  • Journal article
    Schmidt JM, Cargill PJ, 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Conference paper
    Haigh JD, 2003,

    The effects of solar variability on the Earth's climate

    , Meeting on Science and Applications of the Space Environment: New Results and Interdisciplinary Connections, Pages: 95-111

    The absolute value of total solar irradiance is not known to better than ca. 0.3% but measurements from satellite instruments over the past two solar cycles have shown that it varies by ca. 0.1% on this time-scale. Over longer periods its value has been reconstructed using proxy measures of solar activity, and these suggest that during the Maunder minimum in solar activity of the late 17th century it was 3-4 W m(-2) lower than at present. Observational data suggest that the Sun has influenced temperatures on decadal, centennial and millennial time-scales, but radiative forcing considerations and the results of energy-balance models and general circulation models suggest that the warming during the latter part of the 20th century cannot be ascribed entirely to solar effects. However, chemical and dynamical processes in the middle atmosphere may act to amplify the solar impact. An analysis of zonal mean temperature data shows that solar effects may be differentiated from those associated with other factors such as volcanic eruptions and the El Nino Southern Oscillation.

  • Journal article
    Pagel C, Balogh A, 2003,

    , JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 108, ISSN: 2169-9380
  • Journal article
    Bale SD, Mozer FS, Horbury TS, 2003,

    , Physical Review Letters, Vol: 91, ISSN: 0031-9007

    Measurements of a spacecraft floating potential, on the four Cluster spacecraft, are used as a proxy for electron plasma density to study, for the first time, the macroscopic density transition scale at 98 crossings of the quasiperpendicular terrestrial bow shock. A timing analysis gives shock speeds and normals; the shock speed is used to convert the temporal measurement to a spatial one. A hyperbolic tangent function is fitted to each density transition, which captures the main shock transition, but not overshoot or undershoot nor foot features. We find that, at a low Mach number [Formula presented], the density transition is consistent with both ion inertial scales [Formula presented] and convected gyroradii [Formula presented], while at [Formula presented] only the convected gyroradius is the preferred scale for the shock density transition and takes the value [Formula presented]. © 2003 The American Physical Society.

  • Journal article
    Zhang J, Woch J, Solanki SK, Von Steiger R, Forsyth Ret al., 2003,

    Interplanetary and solar surface properties of coronal holes observed during solar maximum

    , Journal of Geophysical 91桃色 Space Physics, Vol: 108

    Data from the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer (SWICS) on board the Ulysses spacecraft and synoptic maps from Kitt Peak are used to analyze the relatively short-lived coronal holes which exist during the maximum phase of the solar activity cycle 23. They are compared with the persistent polar coronal holes which prevail around solar minimum. A solar wind velocity increase coinciding with a shift of the ionic charge composition toward lower charge states serves as a robust criterion for identifying solar wind streams emanating from solar maximum holes. This allows an unambiguous association of every stream identified in interplanetary space with a coronal hole on the solar surface with consistent magnetic polarity. Solar wind streams emanating from the solar maximum holes generally show lower velocities of 400 to 600 km/s compared to the polar hole stream velocities of 700 to 800 km/s. However, the SWICS 0<sup>7+</sup>/O<sup>6+</sup> charge-state ratios, which are a proxy for coronal temperatures, do not reveal a consistent difference. Though a number of solar maximum holes have a significantly, up to three times, higher temperature compared to the polar coronal holes, the majority of the investigated holes and specifically those with new cycle polarity have a coronal temperature within the range of polar hole temperatures. Likewise, the magnetic flux density in the solar maximum holes and in the polar coronal holes, as derived from the synoptic maps, is not strikingly different. Therefore any intrinsic difference between solar maximum holes and polar coronal holes is small. The striking discrepancy in their kinetic properties, namely the slower velocity of the solar wind streams emanating from solar maximum holes, may partly be attributed to deceleration of the solar wind during propagation to the spacecraft. The discrepancy may also be influenced by active regions in close proximity to the coronal holes, which presumably is more likel

  • Book chapter
    Czaja A, Robertson AW, Huck T, 2003,

    , Geophysical Monograph Series, Pages: 147-172

    We review the role of ocean-atmosphere interactions over the Atlantic sector in North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability. The emphasis is on physical mechanisms, which are illustrated in simple models and analyzed in observations and numerical models. Some directions of research are proposed to better assess the relevance of Atlantic air-sea interactions to observed and simulated NAO variability.

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